CD 14(s)

Expression-ready ORF Clones

Alias : CD14, sCD14

Soluble form

Many cell types do not express CD14 on the cell membrane. This is indeed the case of epithelial cells of tissues exposed to the external environment or endothelial cells. Therefore, they depend on a soluble form of CD14, found in plasma, to correctly recognize bacterial molecular patterns, such as LPS and peptidoglycan, through TLR4 and TLR2 respectively. Immunodepletion of sCD14 from serum prevents responses to LPS, and the responses are restored by the addition of sCD14 [1]. Soluble CD14 can both potentiate and down-regulate responses to LPS [2,3].

References:

1. Frey EA. et al., 1992. Soluble CD14 participates in the response of cells to lipopolysaccharide. J Exp Med. 176(6):1665-71.
2. Backhed F. et al., 2002. TLR4-dependent recognition of lipopolysaccharide by epithelial cells requires sCD14. Cell Microbiol, 4(8):493-501.
3. Kitchens RL. et al., 2001. Plasma CD14 decreases monocyte responses to LPS by transferring cell-bound LPS to plasma lipoproteins. J Clin Invest. 108(3):485-93.