Poly(I:C) (HMW) Rhodamine

Rhodamine-labeled poly(I:C) (HMW)

Poly(I:C) Rhodamine was chemically labeled by covalent coupling of a rhodamine probe containing a reactive alkylating group. This confers fluorescent properties to poly(I:C) (HMW) whilst retaining TLR3 recognition properties.

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) is a synthetic analog of double stranded RNA (dsRNA), a molecular pattern associated with viral infection.

Both natural and synthetic dsRNAs are known to induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production.

Poly(I:C) is recognized by Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3).

Specifications

Specificity: TLR3 agonist

Working Concentration: 10 ng - 10 μg/ml

Appearance: Pink lyophilized powder

Spectral Properties of Rhodamine

• Excitation λ max: 546 nm
• Emission λ max: 576 nm

Contents

• 10 µg Poly(I:C) Rhodamine
• 2 ml sterile endotoxin-free water

Poly(I:C) Rhodamine is shipped at room temperature

Stored at -20°C.

Protect from light.

Lyophilized product is stable 6 months at -20°C.

Upon resuspension, Poly(I:C) Rhodamine should be aliquoted and stored at -20 ̊C. 

Resuspended product is stable 3 months at -20°C.

Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Description

Poly(I:C) Rhodamine was chemically labeled by covalent coupling of a rhodamine probe containing a reactive alkylating group. This confers fluorescent properties to poly(I:C) (HMW) whilst retaining TLR3 recognition properties.

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) is a synthetic analog of double stranded RNA (dsRNA), a molecular pattern associated with viral infection.

Both natural and synthetic dsRNAs are known to induce type I interferons (IFN) and other cytokines production. Poly(I:C) is recognized by Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) [1, 2].

Upon poly(I:C) recognition, TLR3 activates the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), through the adapter protein Toll-IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain containing adapter inducing IFN-β (TRIF, also known as TICAM-1) [3].

Activation of IRF3 leads to the production of type I IFNs, especially IFN-β. A second pathway involves the recruitment of TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) or receptor interacting protein 1 (RIP1), with the subsequent activation of the transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1 [4].

Activation of this pathway triggers the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as TNF-α, IL-6 and CXCL10.

Poly(I:C) is also recognized by the cytosolic RNA helicases retinoic acid-inducible protein I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation-associate gene 5 (MDA-5) [5].

1. Alexopoulou L. et al., 2001. Recognition of double-stranded RNA and activation of NF-kB by Toll-like receptor 3. Nature, 413:732-8.
2. Matsumoto M. et al., 2002. Establishment of a monoclonal antibody against human Toll-like receptor 3 that blocks double-stranded RNA- mediated signaling. BBRC 293:1364-9.
3. Yamamoto M. et al., 2003. Cutting edge: A novel Toll/Il-1 receptor domain-containing adapter that preferentially activates the IFN-β promoter in the Toll-like receptor signaling. Science 301:640.
4. Kawai T. & Akira S., 2008. Toll-like receptor and RIG-I-like receptor signaling. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1143:1-20.
5. Kato H. et al., 2006. Small interfering RNAs mediate sequence-independent gene suppression and induce immune activation by signaling through toll-like receptor 3. Nature 441:101-5.