Recombinant human IL-31 protein - Bioactive cytokine

Human IL-31 protein - E. coli -expressed, tag-free, carrier-free

Recombinant human IL-31 is a high-quality and biologically active cytokine, validated using proprietary IL-31 reporter cells. This member of the IL-6/gp130 family is produced in E. coli and thoroughly purified to remove endotoxins.

Recombinant human IL-31 can be used together with HEK-Blue™ IL-31 cells for the screening of inhibitory molecules, such as Nemolizumab, a therapeutic monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-31Rα subunit of the IL-31 receptor (see figures).

IL-31 signaling and biological functions

Key features

• Each lot is validated using HEK-Blue™ IL-31 cells
• Endotoxin ≤ 0.1 EU/µg
• 0.2 µm sterile-filtered

Applications

• Standard for IL-31 detection and quantification assays
• Screening and release assays for antibodies blocking IL-31 signaling
• Screening and release assays for engineered IL-31

Interleukin-31 (IL-31) is a cytokine that plays a role in early protective inflammatory processes, likely regulating alarmins in damaged mucosal tissues. IL-31 is strongly involved in chronic inflammation in different skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis.

 More details

All InvivoGen products are for internal research use only, and not for human or veterinary use.

Figures

SDS-PAGE analysis of the recombinant human (h)IL-31. 2 μg of hIL-31 was loaded on a 12% Mini-PROTEAN® TGX Stain-Free™ Precast Gel (Bio-Rad). Detection was performed as per the manufacturer’s instructions. A band was detected at ~15 kDa.

Dose-response of HEK-Blue™ IL-31 cells to recombinant IL-31. Cells were stimulated with increasing concentrations of recombinant human IL-31 (hIL-31). After overnight incubation, the STAT5-induced SEAP activity was determined using QUANTI-Blue™, a SEAP detection reagent. Data are shown as optical density (OD) at 650 nm (mean ± SEM).

Dose-dependent inhibition of HEK‑Blue™ IL-31 cellular response using Nemolizumab biosimilar. Increasing concentrations of Anti-hIL-31R-hIgG2 (1 ng/ml - 1 µg/ml) were incubated with HEK‑Blue™ IL-31 cells for 3 hours before the addition of recombinant human IL-31 (10 pg/ml). After overnight incubation, SEAP activity in the cell culture supernatant was assessed using QUANTI-Blue™. Data are shown in percentage of activity (mean ± SEM).

Specifications

Source: E. coli

Species: Human

Carrier: Carrier-free

Tag: Tag-free

Accession number: Q6EBC2

Protein size (predicted): 141 a.a. (S24-T164)

Molecular weight: ~ 15 kDa (SDS-PAGE)

Solubility: 100 μg/ml in water

Formulation: Phosphate buffer saline (pH 7.4)

Sterility: 0.2 µm filtration

Form:  Lyophilized

Reconstitution buffer:  Endotoxin-free water (provided)

Purity:  ≥98% (SDS-PAGE)

Endotoxin:  The absence of bacterial contamination (e.g. lipoproteins and endotoxins) has been confirmed using HEK-Blue™ TLR2 and HEK‑Blue™ TLR4 cells.

Tested applications:  Cellular assays

Quality control: Each lot is functionally tested and validated.

Contents

Recombinant human IL-31 is provided as a lyophilized powder and is available in two quantities:

• rcyec-hil31: 10 μg 
• rcyec-hil31-5: 50 μg (5 x 10 μg)
• 1.5 ml endotoxin-free water for rcyec-hil31 and rcyec-hil31-5

 Recombinant human IL-31 is shipped at room temperature.

Upon receipt, the product should be stored at -20°C.

 Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Details

IL-31 background

The cytokine interleukin 31 (IL-31) belongs to the Type I/II cytokine receptor family, and more specifically to the IL-6/gp130 family. IL-31 signals through a heterodimeric receptor comprised of the gp130-like subunit IL-31Rα and the OSMRb (oncostatin M receptor) subunit. The binding of IL-31 to its receptor triggers activation of the JAK/STAT, Akt/PI3K, and MAPK signaling pathways [1,2]. IL-31 receptor complex is expressed in epithelial, neuronal as well as immune cells. Little is known about the physiological function of IL-31. It is mainly secreted by IL-4-activated T cells, thereby contributing to Th2-weighted inflammation [1,2]. Several reports indicate that IL-31 is implicated in disorders such as atopic dermatitis, asthma, and inflammatory bowel disease [1,2]. Of note, IL-31 appears to be a critical cytokine involved in neuro-immune communication through the mediation of inflammatory itch [1,2]. Targeting the IL-31 pathway is a promising therapeutic option for dermatologic and non-dermatologic diseases with enhanced IL-31 expression [1,2].

​References:

1. Bagci I.S. and Ruzicka, T., 2018. IL-31: A new player in dermatology and beyond. J. Allergy Clin Immunol. 141(3):858-866.
2. Datsi A., et al., 2021. Interleukin-31: The “itchy” cytokine in inflammation and therapy. Allergy. 76:2982-97.