ISD - CDS Agonist

Naked or Complexed with Lyovec™

ABOUT

CDS Ligand

ISD (interferon stimulatory DNA) is a 45 bp non-CpG oligomer containing bacterial DNA motifs. ISD derives from the Listeria monocytogenes genome. L. monocytogenes, the bacterium responsible for listeriosis, is a Gram-positive, facultative intracellular pathogen. This bacterium proliferates rapidly in the host cell cytosol while largely evading the induction of host cell death.

ISD/ LyoVec™ is a formulation of ISD complexed with the cationic lipid transfection reagent LyoVec™ to facilitate its cellular uptake.

Mode of action:

Intracellular DNA from pathogens is recognized by multiple cytosolic DNA sensors (CDSs), which display contextual preferences for the recognition of DNA [1]. When transfected into various cell types, including plasmacytoid and conventional DCs, macrophages, and murine embryonic fibroblasts, ISD strongly enhances the expression of IFN-β [1]. This ISD-induced response is mediated by the STING-TBK1-IRF3 signaling axis [1-2].

Key features of ISD:

  • Potent inducer of type I IFNs
  • Available naked or complexed with the cationic lipid LyoVec™
  • Each lot is functionally validated

 

InvivoGen also provides ISD Control, a single-stranded oligonucleotide that does not induce type I IFNs, unlike its double-stranded counterpart.

 

Read our review on cytosolic DNA sensors

 

References:

1. Stetson D.B. & Medzhitov R. 2006. Recognition of cytosolic DNA activates an IRF3-dependent innate immune response. Immunity. 24(1):93-103.
2. Ishikawa H. et al., 2009. STING regulates intracellular DNA-mediated, type I interferon-dependent innate immunity. Nature. 461(7265):788-92.

All products are for research use only, and not for human or veterinary use.

SPECIFICATIONS

Specifications

Target

Cytosolic DNA sensors (CDSs)

Sequence

5’-TACAGATCTACTAGTGATCTATGACTGATCTGTACATGATCTACA-3’

3’-ATGTCTAGATGATCACTAGATACTGACTAGACATGTACTAGATGT-5’

Working concentration
  • 100 ng - 10 μg/ml transfected ISD naked
  • 300 ng - 10 μg/ml ISD/LyoVec™
Formulation buffer

Naked

Reconstitution buffer
Sterile endotoxin-free water (provided)
Endotoxin

Negative (tested using EndotoxDetect™ assay)

Tested applications

Cellular assays

Quality control

 Each lot is functionally tested and validated using THP1-Blue™ ISG Cells.

Additional information

Control: ISD Control single-stranded oligonucleotide

CONTENTS

Contents

  • Product: 
    ISD Naked
  • Cat code: 
    tlrl-isdn
  • Quantity: 
    200 µg
Includes:

1.5 ml of sterile endotoxin-free water

Shipping & Storage

  • Shipping method:  Room temperature
  • Storage:

    • Upon receipt, store at -20°C.
    Stability: The reconstituted product is stable up to 6 months at -20 °C.

    Caution:

    • Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles

Details

STING (stimulator of interferon genes) has become a focal point in immunology research and drug discovery [1, 2]. In a healthy individual, STING functions as a signaling hub, orchestrating immune responses to pathogenic, tumoral, or self-DNA detected in the cytoplasm [2]. Upon activation, STING induces type I interferon (IFN) production through TANK-binding-kinase-I (TBK1)-mediated IFN regulatory factor (IRF3) signaling [2]. STING activation also leads to NF‑κB-dependent inflammatory cytokine production [2]. In some autoimmune diseases such as STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy (SAVI), STING is constitutively activated resulting in high IFN production [3, 4]. The discovery of a mechanism to pharmacologically inhibit STING should lead to new treatments for such diseases.

 

Reference:

1. Haag S.M. et al., 2018. Targeting STING with covalent small-molecule inhibitors. Nature 559:269-73.
2. Ishikawa H. & Barber G.N. 2008. STING is an endoplasmic reticulum adaptor that facilitates innate immune signalling. Nature 455:674-8.
3. Liu Y. et al., 2014. Activated STING in a vascular and pulmonary syndrome. N Engl J Med. 371:507-18.
4. Jeremiah N. et al., 2013. Inherited STING-activating mutation underlies a familial inflammatory syndrome with lupus-like manifestations. J Clin Invest. 124:5516-20.

DOCUMENTS

Documents

ISD Naked

Technical Data Sheet

Safety Data Sheet

Certificate of analysis

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