CpG ODNs - TLR9 Agonists
InvivoGen provides a growing collection of TLR9 agonists - CpG ODNs
CpG ODNs are short synthetic single-stranded DNA molecules containing unmethylated oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs). In detail, they comprise of CpG motifs, a cytosine triphosphate deoxynucleotide ("C") followed by a guanine triphosphate deoxynucleotide ("G"). CpG ODNs have been extensively studied as adjuvants. Pre-clinical studies, conducted in rodents and non-human primates, and human clinical trials have demonstrated that CpG ODNs can significantly improve vaccine-specific antibody responses.
CpG ODNs are recognized by the Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), which is expressed on human B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), thereby inducing Th1-dominated immune responses.
Key features
- Available unmodified or labeled
- Each lot is functionally tested
- Guaranteed contamination-free to avoid TLR9-independent immune responses
- VacciGrade™ for in vivo use is available
Applications
- Studying the adjuvant effect
- Mimicking microbial DNA immunostimulatory effects on TLR9
- Screening for novel antagonists of ODN:TLR9 interaction
- Performing in vivo experiments using sterile VacciGrade™ ODNs
- Labeled with FITC or biotin for flow cytometry, pull-down assays, or microscopy staining
Background
CpG ODNs possess a partially or completely phosphorothioated (PS) backbone, as opposed to the natural phosphodiester (PO) backbone found in genomic bacterial DNA. Three major classes of stimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) have been identified based on structural characteristics and activity on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), in particular B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs).
These three classes are Class A (Type D), Class B (Type K) and Class C.
Get more information about CpG ODNs Classes